北约正在研究如何利用地面和空中机器人取代士兵进行攻击，而乌克兰已实施此类行动超过一年。尽管如此，俄罗斯也在利用日益自主的自杀式无人机持续发动攻击。
周二，乌克兰总统泽连斯基发布视频描述了2025年7月的一项历史性突破：俄军士兵向乌克兰机器人投降。泽连斯基表示：“未来已在第一线，乌克兰正在创造未来。”他补充说，乌克兰机器人公司在短短三个月内已执行了超过2.2万次任务。乌克兰第三突击旅在2025年7月的帖子中提供了细节：FPV无人机和地面作战机器人袭击了敌方工事。当携带炸药的机器人靠近时，敌军为避免被炸毁宣布投降。幸存者由无人机引导至乌方阵地并被俘。该旅称：“行动在没有步兵参与且我方零伤亡的情况下完成。”北约加拿大协会高级编辑指出，今年初以来，已有多个记录案例显示地面机器人促成了俘虏收容。北约正密切关注此类改变传统步兵作战模式的科技应用。
The ground vehicle ULTRA from Overland Al allows operators to deploy multiple drones with no human present.
Courtesy OVERLAND AI
By Patrick Tucker
Science & Technology Editor
April 15, 2026 10:19 PM ET
Drones
Ukraine
Russia
NATO is studying how to use ground and air robots to replace human soldiers in assaults, something Ukraine has been doing for more than a year. But that hasn’t stopped Russia’s continuous assault with its own, increasingly autonomous one-way attack drones.On Tuesday, Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky made a social-media splash with a video describing a historic first from last July: a skirmish in which Russian troops surrendered to Ukrainian robots. “The future is already on the front line—and Ukraine is building it,” Zelenskyy said in the video, adding that Ukrainian robotics companies “have already carried out more than 22,000 missions on the front in just three months.”Still, the Ukrainian president offered far fewer details than did Ukraine’s 3rd Assault Brigade in its own July 2025 post. “Enemy fortifications were attacked” by first-person-view aerial drones and ground robots armed with explosives and made by Nazemnyi Robotychnyi Kompleks, the post said. “The next robot was already approaching the destroyed dugout when the enemy, in order to avoid being blown up, announced surrender. The occupiers who survived were taken to our lines by ‘birds’ [aerial drones] and, according to the regulations, taken prisoner.”“The operation was carried out without infantry and without losses on our side,” it said. “The occupiers surrendered to the ground robots of the Third Assault!”Ukraine’s ground-robot game advanced quickly in the following months, said Olena Kryzshanivska, a senior editor at the NATO Association of Canada who first relayed the news to English-language audiences.“Already…[by the] beginning of this year, we saw several documented cases when UGVs [unmanned ground vehicles] were used for strike missions. They were either delivering grenades [or] they were sometimes … attacking trenches, attacking Russian troops,” Kryzshanivska said in February during a podcast with CNAS adjunct senior fellow Sam Bendett.That sort of combined robotic fast maneuver is one of the ways Ukraine is forcing a reconsideration of decades of military doctrine, and NATO is taking notice. In February, its Allied Command Transformation announced the extension of a study on Force Lethality Enhancement to build out “a few practical force options and test them against realistic scenarios to see what works, and what it would take to use them on operations.”Another alliance effort to integrate ground robots, part of the multidomain Task Force X, is being led by Brig. Gen. Chris Gent, NATO deputy chief of staff transformation and integration. Venture capitalists are taking note as well. Eric Brock of Ondas Capital told Defense One in January that his firm is i