（华盛顿特区）—— 约190个政府的代表将于4月27日开始举行关键的第11届《不扩散核武器条约》（NPT）审议大会，评估条约目标和宗旨的履行进展，重申1995年、2000年和2010年审议大会达成的共识承诺，并谈判制定一项行动计划，以推进不扩散、国际保障监督下的核技术和平利用以及裁军等核心目标。
NPT审议大会每五年举行一次。遗憾的是，前两届会议（2015年和2022年）均未能产生共识成果文件。2026年大会主席杜雄越告诉《今日军控》，再次失败将进一步削弱该条约。他警告称：“我们可能会失去NPT本身的公信力。”
达成协议将非常困难。此次为期近一个月的会议是在这一基石条约面临重重挑战的背景下举行的：
Future of Nonproliferation Treaty on the Line at the 11th Review ConferenceResources and Analysis About the April 27-May 22 Meeting at the UN For Immediate Release: April 16, 2026Media Contacts: Daryl G. Kimball, Executive Director (202-463-8270 x107); Thomas Countryman, Chair of the Board and former Asst. Secretary of State for International Security and Nonproliferation and member of the U.S. NPT delegation in 2022 (via 202-463-8270 x104)(Washington, D.C.)— Representatives from some 190 governments will convene beginning April 27 for the pivotal 11th nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty (NPT) Review Conference to assess progress toward implementation of the treaty's goals and objectives, reaffirm the consensus-based commitments made at the 1995, 2000, and 2010 Review Conferences, and negotiate an action plan to advance the treaty's core goals on nonproliferation, the peaceful use of nuclear technology under international safeguards, and disarmament.The NPT Review Conference is held every five years. Unfortunately, the last two NPT Review Conferences (2015 and 2022) have failed to produce a consensus outcome document. The 2026 Conference President Du Hong Viet told Arms Control Today that another failure would further weaken the NPT. “We may lose the credibility of the NPT itself,” he warned.Reaching agreement will be very difficult. The April 27-May 22 meeting will be held amid a multiplying array of challenges to this foundational treaty, which has been signed and ratified by 193 states. For example:In October, U.S. President Donald Trump threatened to violate the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty by resuming nuclear explosive testing “on an equal basis.” And, in February, senior State Department officials accused China of conducting a nuclear test in 2020.In February, the 2010 New Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty expired. For the first time since 1972, there are no agreed limits on the size of the Russian and U.S. nuclear arsenals, the world’s largest.The U.S. government has called for multilateral arms control talks, but there are no negotiations between Washington and Moscow or with other nuclear armed states to limit or reduce their arsenals.China continues to increase the diversity and size of its smaller but still deadly nuclear arsenal.In response to concerns about Russian aggression against Ukraine and Europe and faltering U.S. support for European security, France announced that it will increase the size of its nuclear arsenal and increase cooperation with European allies on nuclear deterrence.The U.S.-Israeli strikes on Iranian nuclear sites in June 2025 and their full-scale attack on Iran launched this year has complicated the task of blocking Iran's potential pathways to the bomb and resuming international inspections of Iran’s sensitive nuclear activities, while raising concerns among NPT states-parties about attacks by nuclear-armed states.“Despite these strong crosswinds, NPT states can and must try to line up together behind the treaty a